As interest in dietary patterns has grown in the setting of thyroid disorders, the importance of tailored educational interventions has emerged, and our understanding of the link between diet and thyroid is rapidly expanding beyond the scope of iodine nutrition
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In more advanced stages, joint deformity, inflammation, and nerve compression can lead to chronic disability or even life-threatening complications
Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Glossary acromegaly disorder in adults caused when abnormally high levels of GH trigger growth of bones in the face, hands, and feet adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete corticosteroid hormones (also called corticotropin) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hypothalamic hormone that is stored by the posterior pituitary and that signals the kidneys to reabsorb water follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the production and maturation of sex cells gigantism disorder in children caused when abnormally high levels of GH prompt excessive growth gonadotropins hormones that regulate the function of the gonads growth hormone (GH) anterior pituitary hormone that promotes tissue building and influences nutrient metabolism (also called somatotropin) hypophyseal portal system network of blood vessels that enables hypothalamic hormones to travel into the anterior lobe of the pituitary without entering the systemic circulation hypothalamus region of the diencephalon inferior to the thalamus that functions in neural and endocrine signaling insulin-like growth factors (IGF) protein that enhances cellular proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and stimulates the cellular uptake of amino acids for protein synthesis luteinizing hormone (LH) anterior pituitary hormone that triggers ovulation and the production of ovarian hormones in females, and the production of testosterone in males osmoreceptor hypothalamic sensory receptor that is stimulated by changes in solute concentration (osmotic pressure) in the blood oxytocin hypothalamic hormone stored in the posterior pituitary gland and important in stimulating uterine contractions in labor, milk ejection during breastfeeding, and feelings of attachment (also produced in males) pituitary dwarfism disorder in children caused when abnormally low levels of GH result in growth retardation pituitary gland bean-sized organ suspended from the hypothalamus that produces, stores, and secretes hormones in response to hypothalamic stimulation (also called hypophysis) prolactin (PRL) anterior pituitary hormone that promotes development of the mammary glands and the production of breast milk thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) anterior pituitary hormone that triggers secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland (also called thyrotropin) Glossary Flashcards This work, Human Physiology , is adapted from Anatomy & Physiology by OpenStax, licensed under CC BY
