Glutathione also forms disulfide bonds with cysteine residues in proteins
One of its notable attributes is its ability to fight oxidative stress by neutralising free radicals, which can cause cellular damage
This likely accommodates the essential role of Egr1 indirectly controlling the expression of other genes, and thereby, neural activity, neural plasticity, and learning (Knapska & Kaczmarek, 2004), similar to the implied role of Egr1 gene in inflammation, myocardial injury (Rayner et al., 2013), brain injuries following transient focal ischemia (Tureyen, Brooks, Bowen, Svaren, & Vemuganti, 2008) or permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (Beck, Semisch, Culmsee, Plesnila, & Hatzopoulos, 2008)
Augmented BH4 by gene transfer restores nitric oxide synthase function in hyperglycemic human endothelial cells