If you're in a greenhouse or your garden and you're watering with a hose and the hose touches an affected plant, you can end up damaging a plant next to it. In the Netherlands, plant pathologist Adolf Mayer began researching the disease in 1879 and named it the mosaic disease of tobacco. He tried to use Kochs guidelines, which call for a series of germ isolations and re-infections, to find its cause
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[28] Significant cases [edit] 1992: In Cipollone v
[2] Most of the tobacco leaf produced in Indonesia is used for domestic production, but a large quantity of leaf is also exported.[3] In 2013, for example, Indonesia exported about one-fourth of the countrys total tobacco production, an export value of almost US$200 million.[4] The Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture reports that tobacco is grown in 15 of the countrys 34 provinces, but almost 90 percent of the tobacco produced in Indonesia is sourced from three provinces: East Java, Central Java, and West Nusa Tenggara.[5] The vast majority of Indonesias tobacco98 percentis grown by smallholders,[6] farmers that own or operate small plots of land, usually no more than a few hectares, and sometimes less than one hectare.[7] According to data from the World Bank, Indonesia had a total population of 254.5 million people in 2014, and 34.3 percent of people of working age were involved in agricultural work that year.[8] In 2014, there were a total of 543,181 tobacco farmers in Indonesia.[9] Tobacco Farming and Curing Process Several types of tobacco are grown in Indonesia, including Virginia (or flue-cured), burley, oriental, and other varieties
