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This growth stemmed from relatively small decreases in tariffs, given that the U.S

Patterson in Richmond, Virginia, as chewing tobacco and then as cigarettes

Izzani KM, Hermawan D (2021) The value of innovation in tobacco processing products: an evidence from bandung E-cigarette industry

Moreover, although we employed the criterion of having exclusive e-cigarette users and non-users who were former smokers to have quit a minimum of 6 months in this study as well as in a previous study 14 , to serve as a wash-out period, the effect of combustible tobacco product use might still have remained among these former combustible users