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Clinical indications of vaping-related disorder include: Respiratory, gastrointestinal, and constitutional symptoms such as cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever Vital signs and oxygen saturation via pulse-oximetry The CDC has created a guideline for evaluating patients, entitled Dont Forget to Ask, which instructs providers to ask patients with any of these indications about their e-cigarette or vaping product use
Abstract Problematic alcohol use (PAU), a trait that combines alcohol use disorder and alcohol-related problems assessed with a questionnaire, is a leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide
Lytton, MD , provides a personalized, holistic approach to ensure lasting success